文稿-静电场（双语）.pptx

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Chapter 2 Static Electric Fields;1. Field Intensity, Flux, and Field Lines;E ? dl ? 0;2. Equations for Electrostatic Fields in Free Space

Physical experiments show that the intensity of an electrostatic field in free space satisfies the following two equations in integral form;;; ?(r?) dV ?;If the electric charge is distributed on a surface S or on a curve

l, we have;Summary

（ a ） The charge q in the Gauss’ law should be the sum of all positive and negative charges in the closed surface S.

（ b ） The electric field lines cannot be closed and intersect each other.

（ c ） The line integral of the electric field intensity along a path

between any two points is independent of the path, and electrostatic field is a conservative field as the gravitational field.

（ d ） If the distribution of the ch

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