“英语”语言学概论第六章笔记.doc

Chapter 6 Pragmatics 语用学

1. What is pragmatics?

什么是语用学？

Pragmatics can be defined as the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.

As the process of communication is essentially a process of conveying meaning in a certain context, pragmatics can also be regarded as a kind of meaning study. It places the study of meaning in the context in which language is used. 语用学研究的是说某种语言的人怎样用句子去实现成功的交际。

由于交际的过程从本质来说是在一定的语境中表达意义的过程， 因而语用学的本质是一种意 义研究。它是一种将语言置于使用的语境中去的意义研究。

2. Pragmatics and semantics语用学和语义学

Pragmatics and semantics are both linguistic studies of meaning, but they are different. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning, the context of use is considered. If it is not considered, the study is restri