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国际贸易论文：基于重力模型的蒙古与其主要贸易伙伴的贸易研究Chapter1Introduction1.1BackgroundandproblemstatementMongolia,aland-lockeddevelopingcountryhasfriendlydiplomaticrelationshipwithover180countriesandithasbeen27yearssinceMongoliabecameademocracywithamarketeconomy.ThegeographiclocationofMongoliaisnotfavorableforinternationaltrade.Forinstance,thenearestseaportwhichisTianjininChinaislocated1723kilometersawayfromMongolia[1].Mongoliaiswealthyinnaturalresource.Theeconomyofthiscountrygrowsintoconstantlyreliantonthemininganditssharestandsabout20%ofMongolia’sgrossdomesticproduct(GDP).Moreover,themostrevenueofMongoliaearnsfromminingsectorwhichproducesmajorexportproductsonexternaltrade.ThestructureofMongoliantradeseemsdifferentfromneighboringtwocountrieswhichisChinaandRussia.Mongolianeconomyhastoouniqueandchallengi