therebe句型用法.docVIP

第1讲 There be句型的用法 一、构成：There be ...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如： There are fifty-two students in our class. There is a pencil in my pencil-case. There was an old house by the river five years ago. 二、各种句式： 1.否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not a\an\any + n.（名词）。注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）= not a\an + n.（可数名词单数）；no + n.（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数）；no + n.（不可数名词）= not any + n.（不可数名词）。例如： There is an orange in her bag. →There isn’t an orange in her bag. →There is no orange in her bag. There are some oranges in her bag. →There aren’t any oranges in her bag. →There are no oranges in her bag. There is some juice in the bottle. →There isn’t any juice in the bottle. →There is no juice in the bottle. 2.一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：　　There is some money in her handbag. 　　→ Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.) There is something new in today’s newspaper. →There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper. →Is there anything new in today’s newspaper? 3.特殊疑问句：　　 There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式： ① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：  There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree?  There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there? There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room? ② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is \ are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如：  There is a computer in my office. → Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office.  There are four children in the classroom. →Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom.  ③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示： There are twelve months in a year. →How many months are there in a year? There is only one book in my bag. → How many books are there in your bag? There is a cat in the box. → How many cats are there in the box? 如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数